{"id":24332,"date":"2024-07-02T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-07-02T04:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/?p=24332"},"modified":"2024-07-02T00:58:44","modified_gmt":"2024-07-01T19:28:44","slug":"top-ppc-news-q2-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/top-ppc-news-q2-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"Quarterly Roundup | Top PPC News | Q2 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"lead\">Artificial Intelligence is increasingly transforming PPC advertising platforms, making them more efficient, effective, and intelligent. Here\u2019s a roundup of the most significant announcements, feature enhancements, and data insights that have caught the attention of industry experts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"grid-template-columns:23% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/PPC-quaterly-news-.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24362 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/PPC-quaterly-news-.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/PPC-quaterly-news--300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/PPC-quaterly-news--150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/PPC-quaterly-news--768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/PPC-quaterly-news--125x125.png 125w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-paid-search-key-updates-for-a-winning-strategy\"><strong>Paid Search: Key Updates for a Winning Strategy<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>Google Ads: New Features Unleash Hidden Potential<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/support.google.com\/google-ads\/answer\/13729701?sjid=6414301206276109314-AP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">New brand settings in Search and Performance Max campaigns<\/a>:- With new brand inclusion recommendations, you can now easily enjoy the benefits of broad match while restricting traffic to your selected brands. In contrast, brand exclusions allow you to specify which brands to exclude across all match types and Dynamic Search Ads (DSA).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Broad-match-recommandation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Broad-match-recommandation-1024x336.png\" alt=\"Brand inclusions in broad match type\" class=\"wp-image-24377\" width=\"768\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Broad-match-recommandation-1024x336.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Broad-match-recommandation-300x98.png 300w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Broad-match-recommandation-768x252.png 768w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Broad-match-recommandation.png 1220w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/support.google.com\/google-ads\/answer\/15070437?sjid=6414301206276109314-AP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><br>Maximize performance on Search with updates to query matching<\/a>:-\u00a0According to the latest update in the search term report, misspelled words that were previously not visible are now displayed. This change also applies to negative keywords. Previously, each misspelled version of a keyword had to be individually excluded. Now, all variations can be excluded using a single negative keyword.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/support.google.com\/google-ads\/answer\/14817268?sjid=12140681172201069230-AP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">New ways to steer your Performance Max campaigns to success<\/a>:- New Performance Max features have been revealed to give advertisers more control and deeper insights into campaign performance. These features are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>New types of customer lifecycle goals\u00a0<\/li><li>Account-level IP exclusions to exclude specific IP addresses<\/li><li>Final URL expansion<\/li><li>Detailed demographics in asset\u00a0audience insights<\/li><li>Budget pacing insights to optimize the budget<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/support.google.com\/google-ads\/answer\/14835145?sjid=12140681172201069230-AP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Google Marketing Live 2024: Your roundup of announcements<\/a>:-During Google Marketing Live 2024, Google showcased how AI revolutionises media, creativity, and measurement, marking a significant shift in the advertising landscape. Check out this article for a detailed overview of all the product announcements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/support.google.com\/google-ads\/answer\/14997100?sjid=12140681172201069230-AP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Introducing Brand Recommendations in Google Ads<\/a>:- Google Ads provides Brand Recommendations to help improve your campaigns using your account data. With the latest update, these recommendations are now enhanced by Google AI. Advertisers can use the Recommendations page to optimize their CPM (cost per thousand impressions) or CPV (cost per view) campaigns for better brand impact.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Brand-recommandation-google.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Brand-recommandation-google-1024x611.png\" alt=\"Brand recommendation google\" class=\"wp-image-24383\" width=\"768\" height=\"458\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Brand-recommandation-google-1024x611.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Brand-recommandation-google-300x179.png 300w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Brand-recommandation-google-768x459.png 768w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Brand-recommandation-google.png 1035w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/searchengineland.com\/google-ads-will-pause-low-activity-keywords-starting-in-june-440085\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Google Ads will pause low-activity keywords starting in June<\/a>:-Google will pause keywords that have been active but haven&#8217;t received any impressions in the past 13 months. Advertisers can turn them back on, but they&#8217;ll be paused again if they don&#8217;t get any searches for 3 more months.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.google\/products\/ads-commerce\/enhance-visual-storytelling-in-demand-gen-with-generative-ai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Enhance visual storytelling in Demand Gen with generative AI<\/a>:- Good news for Demand Generation advertisers! New AI tools can now quickly create high-quality image assets with little effort. Plus, Google\u2019s new &#8220;<strong>Generate more like this<\/strong>&#8221; feature lets you easily create similar versions of your best-performing images.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Demand-Gen-campaigns-in-Google-Ads.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Demand-Gen-campaigns-in-Google-Ads.png\" alt=\"Demand-Gen-campaigns-in-Google-Ads\" class=\"wp-image-23990\" width=\"704\" height=\"414\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Demand-Gen-campaigns-in-Google-Ads.png 939w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Demand-Gen-campaigns-in-Google-Ads-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Demand-Gen-campaigns-in-Google-Ads-768x451.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-amazon-ads-microsoft-advertising-new-features-to-boost-performance\"><strong>Amazon Ads &amp; Microsoft Advertising<\/strong>: <strong>New Features to Boost Performance<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/searchengineland.com\/amazon-ai-powered-performance-plus-ads-440728\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Amazon: AI-powered \u2018Performance+\u2019 ads offer 30-90% lower CPAs<\/a>:-Amazon has recently launched a new automated advertising product called Performance+. Using a black-box method, it employs machine learning to enhance campaigns by predicting conversion rates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/searchengineland.com\/microsoft-native-campaigns-enhanced-cpc-439006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Microsoft is upgrading native campaigns to enhanced CPC<\/a>:-In May, Microsoft Advertising upgraded all existing image and feed campaigns from manual cost-per-click (CPC) bidding to enhanced CPC.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Enchanced-CPC-microsoft.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Enchanced-CPC-microsoft-1024x663.png\" alt=\"Enhanced-CPC-microsoft\" class=\"wp-image-23999\" width=\"768\" height=\"497\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Enchanced-CPC-microsoft-1024x663.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Enchanced-CPC-microsoft-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Enchanced-CPC-microsoft-768x497.png 768w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Enchanced-CPC-microsoft.png 1219w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/searchengineland.com\/microsoft-expands-maximum-conversion-calue-shopping-search-campaigns-438955\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Microsoft expands Maximum Conversion Value to more campaign types<\/a>:- Maximum Conversion Value, once exclusive to Smart Shopping campaigns, is now available for all Shopping and Search campaigns. This approach prioritizes optimizing for high-value conversions and maximizing the total sales value of your campaign, helping to boost revenue and return on investment (ROI).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Bidding-strategy-in-Microsoft-Advertisingpng.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Bidding-strategy-in-Microsoft-Advertisingpng-1024x437.png\" alt=\"Maximize conversion  in Microsoft Advertising\" class=\"wp-image-24397\" width=\"768\" height=\"328\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Bidding-strategy-in-Microsoft-Advertisingpng-1024x437.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Bidding-strategy-in-Microsoft-Advertisingpng-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Bidding-strategy-in-Microsoft-Advertisingpng-768x328.png 768w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Bidding-strategy-in-Microsoft-Advertisingpng.png 1145w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/about.ads.microsoft.com\/en\/blog\/post\/june-2024\/what-you-can-do-with-copilot-in-the-microsoft-advertising-platform\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What you can do with Copilot in the Microsoft Advertising Platform<\/a>:- According to the study, 75% of knowledge workers say that AI saves them time (90%), helps them focus on their most important tasks (85%), boosts their creativity (84%), and makes their work more enjoyable (83%). Discover how Copilot in the Microsoft Advertising platform can help you achieve these benefits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:2px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:23% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Paid-search-news-for-quaterly-roundup.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24368 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Paid-search-news-for-quaterly-roundup.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Paid-search-news-for-quaterly-roundup-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Paid-search-news-for-quaterly-roundup-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Paid-search-news-for-quaterly-roundup-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Paid-search-news-for-quaterly-roundup-125x125.png 125w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-paid-social-new-features-for-better-engagement\"><strong>Paid Social: New Features for Better Engagement<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/searchengineland.com\/reddit-unveils-conversation-ads-443281\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Reddit unveils new Conversation Ads<\/a>:- Reddit has unveiled a significant update to its conversation page ads, including a new placement within discussion threads. This move highlights Reddit&#8217;s focus on the value of genuine conversations in today&#8217;s AI-driven digital world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/searchengineland.com\/pinterest-launches-ai-ad-tools-443232\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pinterest launches AI ad tools<\/a>:- Pinterest is making significant investments in generative AI to create more engaging and personalized ad formats. As a result, Pinterest is launching new AI-powered ad tools to enhance performance and ensure brand safety for advertisers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/searchengineland.com\/meta-launches-ai-powered-ad-creativity-tools-440316\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Meta launches AI-powered ad creativity tools<\/a>:- Meta announced new generative AI features to help businesses create more engaging ads on Facebook and Instagram. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/searchengineland.com\/reddit-introduces-dynamic-product-ads-439868\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.socialmediatoday.com\/news\/reddit-dynamic-product-ads-help-brands-reach-shoppers-discovery\/714223\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Reddit Adds Dynamic Product Ads To Help Brands Reach Shoppers in Discovery Phase<\/a>:- Reddit has introduced Dynamic Product Ads, designed to help advertisers showcase their products to users during the discovery phase. It allows advertisers to display their products within relevant subreddits, helping them reach consumers as they seek product recommendations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/business\/marketing\/blog\/targeting\/step-into-future-b2b-audience-targeting-linkedin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Step Into the Future of B2B Audience Targeting With LinkedIn<\/a>:-LinkedIn\u2019s powerful targeting features help you laser-focus your B2B audience. Plus, their \u201cFuture of B2B Audience Targeting\u201d guide unlocks even more strategies for success.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Related Links<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/how-to-structure-amazon-ppc-campaign\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How to Structure Amazon PPC Campaign<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/amazon-attribution-data-google-ads-conversions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">How To Import Amazon Attribution Data In Google Ad<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/amazons-post-campaign-checklist\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Evaluate and Improve: Your Guide to Amazon\u2019s Post-Campaign Checklist<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Artificial Intelligence is increasingly transforming PPC advertising platforms, making them more efficient, effective, and intelligent. Here\u2019s a roundup of the most significant announcements, feature enhancements, and data insights that have caught the attention of industry experts.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ub_ctt_via":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ppc-roundup"],"featured_image_src":null,"author_info":{"display_name":"Amita","author_link":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/author\/amita\/"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24332","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24332"}],"version-history":[{"count":39,"href":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24332\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24404,"href":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24332\/revisions\/24404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24332"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24332"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.karooya.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24332"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}